"One-sided" in the 1950s-refers to falling to the Soviet Union. When New China was founded, the most prominent feature of the international situation was the sharp opposition and fierce struggle between the Eastern Group headed by the Soviet Union and the capitalist camp headed by the United States. As China is a socialist country, the new China pursues a "one-sided" foreign policy, that is, leaning towards the Eastern Group. Because the diplomacy of the old China was humiliating diplomacy based on imperialist aggression, the new China pursued the foreign policy of "not recognizing all the old humiliating diplomatic relations established by the National Government", "starting a new stove" and "cleaning up the house before inviting guests", thus changing China's semi-colonial status.

An example is the total surrender to the Soviet Union. I don't need to elaborate on this.

The "large area" in the 1960s means that diplomatic work in this period blossomed in an all-round way on the basis of the 1950s. The contradiction between China and the Soviet Union began to intensify. Since the founding of New China, the United States, the world's largest power and the leader of the capitalist camp, has implemented the policy of "isolation" and "containment" against China, which has led a large number of capitalist countries to be hostile to China. Since the mid-1950s, the chauvinism of the Soviet Union, the boss of the Oriental Group, towards China has become more and more obvious, and the contradiction between China and the Soviet Union has gradually intensified. Therefore, the "one-sided" foreign policy has not adapted to the changed diplomatic situation. Therefore, China pursues an "integrated" foreign policy towards independent countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

During this period, New China established diplomatic relations with more than 20 countries including Cambodia and Cuba, which greatly improved the international situation in China and expanded China's influence in the world. During this period, New China also participated in the Geneva Conference as five countries for the first time, and also participated in the first Asian-African Conference without colonial countries, which played an active role in the conference and opened up a new diplomatic situation.

One line in the 1970s-the 1970s gradually defined a "one-line" diplomatic strategy characterized by uniting the United States against Soviet hegemonism. After more than 20 years of development, great changes have taken place in the international situation. The United States gradually changed from the original tough offensive to the defensive in the hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union. To this end, the United States hopes to improve its relations with China in order to confront the Soviet Union. At that time, the northern border of Soviet Union, Chen Bing and China constituted the biggest threat to China's security. So China took "flexible" measures towards the United States, and made a positive response to the United States' intention to improve Sino-US relations. And finally ended the confrontation between China and the United States for more than 20 years, and the relations between the two countries began to normalize.

For example, 1972 The improvement of Sino-US relations and the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan have promoted large-scale diplomacy between western countries and China. During this period, China established diplomatic relations with all countries in Western Europe, Northern Europe and Southern Europe except Andorra. Established diplomatic relations with Canada in North America and Australia and New Zealand in the southwest Pacific.

During this period, the new China resumed its legal seat in the United Nations, the international status of the new China was greatly improved, and the international environment of the new China was greatly improved.

All-round Orientation in 1980s —— The starting point of foreign policy adjustment in the new period is that China's views on war and peace have changed. First, the rising Third World, as an independent political force, stepped onto the historical stage and played an increasingly important role in international affairs, effectively impacting the bipolar pattern in post-war international relations; Second, the centrifugal force within the capitalist camp is increasing; Third, various forces in the world have formed several centers. So it is possible that a large-scale world war will not happen for a long time. In view of this, the foreign policy in the new period is adjusted to "non-alignment", "long-term opening", "attaching importance to developing relations with third world countries" and "actively developing good-neighborly relations with neighboring countries" to create a peaceful and favorable international environment for China's socialist modernization.

Example: Due to the continuous improvement of China's international status and the adjustment of foreign policy in the new period, China has established diplomatic relations with more than 60 countries, such as Saudi Arabia, Singapore and Namibia. So far, China has established diplomatic relations with most countries in the world. On the international stage, China has become a decisive force.