Introduction by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of People's Republic of China (PRC)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of People's Republic of China (PRC), the diplomatic authorities of the People's Republic of China (PRC) government, is the department in charge of foreign affairs in the State Council, People's Republic of China (PRC), and is responsible for handling the foreign affairs of the People's Republic of China (PRC) government and other governments and intergovernmental international organizations. [1] Its predecessor was the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Central People's Government, which was established in June 1949. Located at No.2 Chaoyangmen South Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, it is open to the public regularly every year, twice a year on average. Zhou Enlai was the first foreign minister of People's Republic of China (PRC).
brief introduction
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of People's Republic of China (PRC), the diplomatic authorities of the People's Republic of China (PRC) government, is the department in charge of foreign affairs in the State Council, People's Republic of China (PRC), and is responsible for handling the foreign affairs of the People's Republic of China (PRC) government and other governments and intergovernmental international organizations. The office address of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is located at No.2 Chaoyangmen South Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The office building is open to the public regularly every year, twice a year on average.
function
According to the official announcement, the main functions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of People's Republic of China (PRC) (China) are:
Implement the general policy of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council and the state's foreign policy.
Represent People's Republic of China (PRC) to safeguard the highest interests of the country.
Investigate and study the international situation and the situation of various countries, grasp major trends in time, and put forward policy suggestions for the central government to formulate diplomatic strategies, principles and policies.
The essential definition of diplomacy
The philosophy of the game Bible tells us the essential definition of diplomacy. Diplomacy is not a transaction, diplomacy is not a science, and the game result of diplomacy is a lesson wandering in the third space between the two sides.
major duty
(1) To implement the state's foreign policy and relevant laws and regulations, safeguard national sovereignty, security and interests on behalf of the state, handle foreign affairs on behalf of the state and the government, and undertake diplomatic exchanges between the party and the state and foreign countries.
(2) To investigate and study global and strategic issues in the international situation and international relations, study and analyze major issues in diplomatic work in the political, economic, cultural and security fields, and make suggestions for the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in formulating diplomatic strategies, principles and policies.
(3) In accordance with the overall diplomatic layout, be responsible for coordinating with relevant units on major issues such as foreign trade, economic aid, culture, military aid, military trade, overseas Chinese affairs, education, science and technology, and external publicity, and report to the CPC Central Committee and the State Council and make suggestions.
(4) Drafting relevant draft laws and regulations and policy plans in the field of diplomatic work.
(5) Handling global and regional security and political, economic, human rights, social, refugee and other foreign affairs in multilateral fields such as the United Nations.
(6) Being responsible for international arms control, disarmament, non-proliferation and other fields, studying international security issues, and organizing negotiations on arms control-related treaties and agreements.
(7) To be responsible for handling bilateral and multilateral treaties and international judicial cooperation concluded between the State and foreign countries, handling or participating in major foreign-related legal cases involving the State and the government, assisting in reviewing draft foreign-related laws and regulations, and organizing and coordinating China's implementation of international conventions and agreements.
(8) Take the lead in or participate in the formulation of policies related to land and marine boundaries, guide and coordinate marine external work, organize relevant management work such as demarcation, demarcation and joint inspection, handle relevant foreign-related cases, and undertake relevant diplomatic negotiations such as maritime delimitation and joint development.
(9) To release information on important diplomatic activities, expound foreign policies, be responsible for the important foreign affairs news work of the country, organize public diplomatic activities, and be responsible for the affairs of foreign journalists in China and foreign resident news agencies.
(ten) responsible for the state's foreign etiquette and ceremony affairs, responsible for the protocol of important foreign affairs activities of the state, and responsible for the courtesy, diplomatic privileges and immunities of diplomatic institutions in China.
(eleven) responsible for consular work. Managing foreign diplomatic and consular missions in China; Responsible for overseas Chinese affairs; Handling and participating in foreign negotiations on domestic foreign-related cases; Responsible for consular protection and assistance, coordinate relevant departments and local governments, guide foreign diplomatic agencies to handle consular protection and assistance cases, and issue early warning information on consular protection and assistance.
(twelve) responsible for coordinating the handling of emergencies involving our country, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of overseas China citizens and institutions, and participating in the handling of domestic foreign-related emergencies.
(thirteen) to manage the diplomatic and consular affairs of Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions in accordance with the law, and to handle foreign affairs involving Taiwan.
(14) to guide and coordinate the foreign affairs work of local and the State Council departments, review the important foreign affairs regulations of local and the State Council units and report them to the foreign affairs instructions of the State Council, and study and put forward opinions on handling major foreign affairs violations in conjunction with relevant departments.
(fifteen) to handle and coordinate foreign affairs involving national security issues.
(sixteen) responsible for the translation of important foreign affairs activities, diplomatic documents and official documents.
(17) To lead the work of diplomatic missions abroad and the offices of special commissioners in Hong Kong and Macao, to be responsible for the construction of cadres of diplomatic missions abroad, to guide and supervise the informationization, finance and construction of diplomatic missions abroad and the offices of special commissioners in Hong Kong and Macao, and to be responsible for the management of the use of real estate of diplomatic missions in China.
(eighteen) to preside over the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and be responsible for the foreign affairs of the China Red Cross Society and the Soong Ching Ling Foundation of China.
(nineteen) to undertake other tasks assigned by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.
geographical position
1949 65438+1October-1966, No.30, Ministry of Foreign Affairs Street.
No.30 Dongjiaomin Lane 65438+ 0966-65438+ 0970.
65438+ 0970-65438+0997 in September, No.225 Chaoyangmen Street.
1September 1997-No.2, Chaoyangmen South Street, Chaoyang District,1September 1997 was completed, and it is open to the public regularly every year, twice a year on average.
Successive ministers
The first foreign minister: Zhou Enlai (1949 to 1958).
Second Foreign Minister: Chen Yi (1958 ext. 1972).
The third foreign minister: Ji Pengfei (1972 to 1974).
The fourth foreign minister: Joe (1974 165438+ October to 1976 65438+ February).
The fifth foreign minister: Huang Hua (197665438+February to1982165438+1October)
The sixth foreign minister: Wu (1982165438+10 to 65438+April 0988).
Seventh Foreign Minister: Qian Qichen (April 1988 to March 1998).
Eighth Foreign Minister: Tang Jiaxuan (March 2003-March 2003)
Ninth Foreign Minister: Li Zhaoxing (March 2003-April 27, 2007)
Tenth Foreign Minister: Yang Jiechi (27-20 April 200713).
Eleventh Foreign Minister: Wang Yi (March 20 13).
institutions stationed abroad
People's Republic of China (PRC)'s foreign offices: Asia Department, West Asia and North Africa Department, Africa Department, Eurasia Department, Europe Department, North America and Oceania Department, Latin America and the Caribbean Department.
By the end of June 38+ 10, 2005, 166 countries had established diplomatic relations with China. China has 236 diplomatic missions abroad:
There are 159 embassies, 56 consulates general, 3 consulates and 1 consular offices, as well as many permanent missions and offices to international institutions.
In addition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has set up special offices in Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions respectively.
Embassy: the permanent diplomatic representative office of a country in the capital of a country with diplomatic relations. According to article 3, paragraph 1, of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, its basic functions include: representing the sending country in the receiving country; Within the scope permitted by international law, our receiving country protects the interests of the sending country and its nationals; Negotiate with the government of the receiving country; Investigate the situation and development of the receiving country by all legal means and report to the sending government; Promote friendly relations between sending countries and receiving countries and develop economic, cultural and scientific relations between the two countries.
Consular institution: a government representative institution accredited to a specific city of another country to perform consular duties in a certain area with the consent of another country's government or according to an agreement reached with another country's government. According to the customs of various countries and the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, consulates are divided into four levels: general consulates, consulates, vice-consulates and consular institutions.
Personnel composition
Ambassadors, ministers, minister counsellors, counsellors, first secretaries, second secretaries, third secretaries and attaché s.
Ambassador: the highest-ranking diplomatic representative of a country in another country or international organization. Sent by a head of state who enjoys diplomatic privileges and immunities, it is usually awarded the title of ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary.
According to the statistics of June 5438+March 3, 2003, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has a total of 4,500 civil servants, of whom about 1 3,500 are women, accounting for 30% of the total number. There are about 2,000 civil servants under the age of 35, accounting for 44% of the total number; There are about 800 senior diplomats (above the rank of Counsellor), accounting for 18% of the total number.
Chargé d 'affaires: When the curator of the permanent embassy is absent due to reasons such as returning to China to report for duty or taking a vacation, or cannot take care of things for some reason (such as long-term hospitalization), a temporary representative shall be appointed to preside over the library affairs and act as the curator. In principle, any diplomat can be appointed as an agent, but generally the highest-ranking diplomat in the embassy who is responsible for government affairs enjoys priority.
Changes in the number of civil servants in various departments of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (excluding overseas institutions):
1949 248 people
1964 120 1 person
1989 2034 people
1998 15 12 people
In 2003, it was 2,250.