Hua Tuo (145- AD 208) was a famous doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The main work Qingnangjing has been lost, and it is called "the master of surgery" and "the originator of surgery". Later generations often refer to doctors with superb medical skills as "Hua Tuo reincarnation" and "Yuan reincarnation".
Hua Tuo, Dong Feng and Zhang Zhongjing are also called "Jian 'an Three Magical Doctors". When he was young, he studied abroad and practiced medicine all over Anhui, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu and other places, trying to study medicine without making progress. Comprehensive medical skills, proficient in internal medicine, gynecology, pediatrics, acupuncture, especially good at surgery. In 2008, because of Cao Cao's suspicion, he was tortured to death in prison at the age of 63.
After Hua Tuo's death, in order to commemorate him, a tomb of Hua Tuo was built in Xuchang, Henan. 1752, the stone tablet is engraved with "Hanhua Cemetery". During the period of 1985, Henan Branch of the All-China Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine held the "Hua Tuo Academic Seminar" in Xuchang, and inscribed the stone tablet "The Tomb of Hua Tuo, an Outstanding Physician in the Eastern Han Dynasty". There is a Huatuo tomb in shenqiu county, Zhoukou City, Henan Province. It is said that Hua Tuo was buried here. In 2003, shenqiu county renamed the road in front of the tomb as Huatuo Road.
A person who predicts disease. Because Hua Tuo has been practicing medicine for many years and has been exposed to many intractable diseases, he has developed a pair of critical eyes and can predict the development of patients' illness magically and accurately. Hua Tuo once treated Chen Deng, the governor of Guangling who killed Lu Bu in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. At that time, Chen Deng was flushed and upset. Hua tuo asked him to prepare more than a dozen washbasins, and then gave him medicine. As a result, Chen Deng vomited dozens of pots of red-headed worms, and Hua Tuo said that Chen Deng was sick by eating fish. And told him: "It will happen after three years, and you can only treat it if you meet a good doctor." Three years later, it really happened again. Chen Dengnian died at the age of 39 because he could not find Hua Tuo. From the current medical point of view, Chen Deng may have taeniasis. Another patient, Xu, was in bed because of illness, and Hua Tuo went to visit. Xu said: "I have been coughing, upset and unable to lie down since I asked the doctor to acupuncture the stomach tube yesterday." After the diagnosis, Hua Tuo said: "This is a misdiagnosis. The acupuncture did not reach the stomach tube, but mistakenly hit the liver. I will eat less and less in the future. After five days, I am afraid of an accident. " Later, as Hua Tuo said, he died. There are many such examples, and here are only two.
Master of early anesthesia. Huatuo's greatest contribution to China's medicine was to invent and develop the earliest anesthetic in China-Mafeisan. After seeing many doctors, he collected some drugs with anesthetic effect. After many different formulations, he finally succeeded in trial production. He mixed the anesthetic with hot wine, and the patient lost consciousness after taking it. Then cut open the abdominal cavity, cut off the ulcer, wash the filth, sew it with mulberry thread, apply ointment, and recover in January after four or five days. Hua Tuo named the drug he developed "Mafeisan". According to the research of Japanese surgeon Huagang Qingzhou, Mafeisan is composed of Datura flower, Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, and stir-fried Nanxing. Mafeisan is the earliest anesthetic in the world history. Hua tuo used "Ma Fei San" for abdominal surgery. This general anesthesia operation is unprecedented in the medical history of China and rare in the medical history of the world.
Surgery was the first attempt. Because of the "hemp boiling powder", surgery is possible. Hua Tuo first performed surgery under general anesthesia, and was called "the originator of surgery" by later generations. At that time, Hua Tuo was able to perform surgical operations such as tumor resection and gastrointestinal suture. His surgery has been highly praised by generations. Chen Jiamo's Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty quoted Tu Zan, a famous doctor in previous dynasties, as a conclusion: "Wei Huayou set up a sore department and removed bones to treat diseases, which had many miraculous effects." In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Hua Tuo described how to cure Guan Yu by scraping bones. It is said that Guan Yu's right arm was poisoned by Wei Jun in Xiangyang War, and Hua Tuo scraped the bone for Guan Yu to remove the poison from the bone, but Guan Yu's look remained unchanged, and he also played chess with others during the operation. On the one hand, this story eulogizes Guan Yu's bravery and strength, on the other hand, it also shows that Hua Tuo's medical skill is brilliant and won people's praise and admiration. This is actually a fictional story widely circulated among the people. Although Guan Yu had curettage, Hua Tuo had been dead for more than ten years at the time of Xiangfan War.
An active explorer of sports health. Hua Tuo was also one of the founders of ancient medical sports in China. He is not only good at treating diseases, but also advocates the way of keeping in good health. He once said to his disciple Upp, "The human body wants to work, but it should not be extreme. Shake will eliminate customs, blood will pass, illness will not be born, and Hu Shu will be immortal. " Hua Tuo inherited and developed the prevention theory of "the sage didn't cure the disease", and arranged a set of aerobics-"Five Birds Play" for the elderly and infirm, imitating the posture of five animals, such as apes, deer, bears, tigers and birds. His disciple Upp insisted on exercising in this way. When he was in his nineties, his hearing and eyesight were good, and his teeth were intact and strong. If you want to be healthy, you must shut up and take your legs. Exercise is especially important, and it still is.
There are two theories about Hua Tuo's death. One is the saying in the reflection. Cao Cao dealt with state affairs, and his head wind disease was very serious. Hua Tuo treated him specially. Hua Tuo said: "It is difficult to cure this disease in a short time, and even long-term treatment can only prolong life." Hua tuo made an excuse to go home and didn't come back. Cao Cao wrote to Hua tuo three times and five times, and finally simply ordered the counties to levy and repatriate. Hua tuo was escorted to Xuchang prison by an emissary. After trial and verification, Hua Tuo confessed to the crime and was tortured to death in prison. Another way of saying it is: In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao asked Hua Tuo, a famous doctor who once cured Zhou Tai, to treat his headache for many years, but Hua Tuo thought that Cao Cao's illness needed sweeping over his face, drinking hemp boiling powder and undergoing major surgery. Suspicious Cao Cao thought that Hua Tuo was going to kill him, so he detained Hua Tuo on the charge of assassination and tortured him to death. But in any case, the fact that Cao Cao killed his fellow villagers does exist.
Hua Tuo's medical ethics are noble and he is very sympathetic to the poor. He doesn't want to be an official, but would rather run around and relieve the people's suffering. According to the Records of the Later Han Dynasty, Yu Xun once commented on Hua Tuo, saying, "The recipes are practical, and people's lives are at stake. It is appropriate to add all the mistakes."
Mr Luo Guanzhong has a poem lamenting Hua Tuo:
yellow
? Written on February 28, 20 17 17 (11th November of the ancient calendar).
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