I. Hongshan Culture: C-shaped Jade Dragon
The first jade dragon in China belongs to the C-shaped jade dragon in Hongshan Culture, which is now hidden in the National Museum. It is 26 cm high and is also called "Pig-billed Jade Dragon". It is the earliest and largest dragon-shaped jade in China from 6660 to 5000 years ago.
Jade Dragon is engraved with pig head, horse mane and snake body. Its body is curled in a "C" shape, and its head and tail are obviously separated, which is very similar to the word "dragon" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, especially its neck ridge has an elegant long collar, which is very unique.
Second, the late Shang Dynasty: Jinsha Sun God Bird
Sunbird gold ornaments in Shang and Zhou Dynasties were gold wares in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. 200 1 was unearthed in Jinsha village and is now collected in Chengdu Jinsha site museum. The gold ornament of Sun God Bird in Shang and Zhou Dynasties is a circular sheet with an outer diameter of 12.5cm, an inner diameter of 5.29cm, a thickness of 0.02cm and a weight of 20g.
The pattern is divided into two layers, and twelve rotating tooth lines are equally distributed in the inner layer; The outer layer consists of four identical birds, flying counterclockwise. At present, the golden ornamentation of the Sun God Bird in Shang and Zhou Dynasties has been designated as a symbol of Chinese cultural heritage by national cultural relics.
Third, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period: Gou Jianjian, the King of Yue
At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Jian Peijun Sword, a bronze ware of the State of Yue, is a national first-class cultural relic and is now in the Hubei Provincial Museum. The sword of Gou Jian, the King of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period, is 55.7 cm long, 8.4 cm long and 4.6 cm wide. The body of the sword is covered with regular black diamond hidden pattern, and there is a bird seal inscription of "Yue dove shallow (practicing) self-propelled sword" near the front.
The sword case is inlaid with blue glass on the front and turquoise on the back. The sword of Gou Jian, the King of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period, embodies the highest level of short weapon manufacturing at that time, and is known as "the first sword in the world". It is a treasure among bronze weapons, and it is of great value for studying the history of Yue State and understanding the casting technology and characters of ancient bronze in China.
Fourth, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period: Ceng Houyi bronze plate.
Zunpan is integrated into one device, the top of which is called Zun, with a height of 30. 1 cm and a diameter of 25cm；; Below is a big plate with a height of 23.5 cm and a diameter of 58 cm. The whole set of utensils is decorated with 84 dragons and 80 plates, which is complicated to make, beautiful in shape and extremely luxurious. In particular, there are several layers of hollowed-out decoration, which are exquisite and gorgeous, and are cast by lost wax method, which can be called uncanny workmanship.
The bronze plate of Ceng Houyi in the Warring States Period is the most complicated and exquisite one among the pre-Qin bronzes unearthed, which represents the peak of bronze casting technology in ancient China.
Five, the Western Han Dynasty: Yu Pei carved dragon and phoenix patterns with heavy rings.
This exhibit is a cultural relic of the Western Han Dynasty. Yu Pei, engraved with dragon and phoenix patterns, with a diameter of 10.6 cm and a thickness of 0.5 cm, was originally covered on the right eye of the tomb owner's hood. Divided into two rings, the inner ring carved a Youlong and the outer ring carved a phoenix, standing on Youlong's outstretched front paws. The dragon's tail and hind paw extend out of the inner ring, connect with the rockhopper and tail feather, and extend up and down to form a carved cirrus cloud pattern, which leisurely fills the outer ring space.
Looking back at Youlong, Phoenix seems to be whispering. It is a rare artistic treasure in Han jade. Now it is collected in the Museum of Nanyue King in the Western Han Dynasty.
Sixth, the Tang Dynasty: the agate cup of the golden beast head
The agate cup of Tang animal head is 6.5 cm high, 15.6 cm long and 5.9 cm in diameter. The material is excellent, and it is finely carved by using the pretty texture of jade material. The cup body is an angular animal's head, the animal's horn is a cup handle, the mouth is inlaid with a gold cap, and the eyes, ears and nose are finely carved. The agate cup of the animal head in Tang Dynasty is the only exquisite jade carving seen so far. It is the most exquisite jade in the Tang Dynasty and the product of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries in the Tang Dynasty. It was listed in the first batch of cultural relics prohibited from going abroad.
Seven, Tang dynasty: the secret porcelain unearthed in the underground palace of Famen Temple.
The secret color porcelain of the Tang Dynasty has a flat folding edge, which is sunflower-shaped, and there are concave lines under the five triangular curved edges, so that the mouth edge and the plate body naturally form five petals. The middle of the oblique abdomen of the device body is slightly folded outward, and the bottom of the device is sunken with burning marks. The plate is painted with green glaze and the outer wall is covered with silk. . It is 4 cm high, 3.4 cm deep in the abdomen, 25.3 cm in diameter, with a base diameter of 14.5 cm and a weight of 800 grams.
The glaze is smooth and bright, the glaze layer is even, and the enamel color is bright and moist, giving people a feeling of elegance, softness, cleanliness and brightness. The most amazing thing is: the unique concave bottom design, under the illumination of light, the Ming Che in the dish is delicate, like a clear water, showing the visual spectacle of the secret color porcelain "water is made out of nothing", which is amazing!
Eight, Ming dynasty: filial piety queen Jiulong Jiufeng inlaid with jade phoenix crown jewelry.
Jiu Feng rockhopper in Kowloon is the exclusive rockhopper of Empress Xiaojing, and it is now in the National Museum of China. The rockhopper is 27 cm high, 23.7 cm in diameter and weighs 2320 g (about 4 kg 6 Liang). The whole rockhopper is inlaid with more than 65,438 rubies and 5,000 pearls, which basically inherits the rockhopper system in which the Empress of Song Dynasty inlaid jewels with gold and silver. The rockhopper is the most luxurious decoration in ancient China women's jewelry.
Nine, Qing dynasty: Qianlong gold inlaid with treasure Jin ou Gu Yong Cup.
The Gu Yong Cup with gold inlaid in the Qing Dynasty was a gold vessel of the Forbidden City during the Qing Dynasty. Jin 'ou Gu Yong Cup is a rare special drinking vessel for emperors in Qing Palace, which symbolizes the territory and political power of Qing Dynasty. Height 12.5 cm, diameter 8 cm. Cup gold, tripod, round and straight mouth.
At the mouth, there is a circle of patterns, with the seal script "Jin Ou Gu Yong" engraved in the middle and the words "Qianlong Year System" engraved on the other side. The outer wall is covered with precious flowers. The stamens are mainly pearls, rubies and sapphires. After the gold cup was cast, it was dazzling and natural, which not only showed the royal dignity and luxury, but also symbolized auspiciousness and peace.
X. Qing dynasty: emerald cabbage
This kind of cabbage ground with jade is exactly the same as real cabbage, and at that time, clever craftsmen carved white jade into cabbage body, jade into green leaves, and two insects were carved on the leaves.
These two kinds of insects are not pure natural, pollution-free and pesticide-free, but refer to two kinds of insects with many descendants: grasshoppers and grasshoppers. Cabbage symbolizes the innocence and beauty of a girl's family. The length of this cabbage: 18.7 cm; Width: 9. 1 cm; Thickness: Jade cabbage with a thickness of 5.0 cm has become the "treasure of the town hall" of the National Palace Museum in Taipei.