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History of Three Kingdoms: How to Respect Liu and Restrain Cao Ru
In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, in order to highlight Liu Bei's achievements, the author took pains to arrange many battles of the Yellow Scarf Uprising. ...

The first is the battle of Youzhou. Liu Bei commanded only 500 soldiers and broke 50 thousand thieves led by the yellow turban insurrectionary thief Cheng. Zhang Fei stabbed Deng Mao, Guan Yu killed Cheng, and broke the Yellow Scarf Army in Youzhou. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei really lived up to the reputation of "ten thousand enemies", and they really deserved their reputation.

Unfortunately, the official Deng Mao and Cheng did not have this person, and Liu Bei's achievements in Youzhou did not go down in history.

Then came the battle of Qingzhou. After receiving Gong Jing, the governor of Qingzhou, for help, Liu Bei led five thousand troops to come to the rescue. This time it was Liu Bei who ambushed the thief soldiers with Indiana Jones and solved the siege of Qingzhou.

However, according to Yan Gengwang's Hanshu Taishou Table, when the yellow turban insurrectionary broke out, Qingzhou secretariat was Jiangxia Huangwan, and there was no Gong Jing in the satrap of six counties in Qingzhou. Liu Bei's battle of Qingzhou is also an imaginary existence and has no basis in history.

However, just two fledgling wars solved the siege of Youzhou and Qingzhou.

Thirteen states in the Eastern Han Dynasty accounted for one-sixth, which was really a greedy feat. But for Liu Bei, this is just the beginning. ...

Liu Bei first cast Lu Zhi's account and refused to accept Guangzong with Zhang Jiao. Lu Zhi sent someone to Yingchuan Huangfusong to capture Sean and Zhang Bao.

Although Huang Fusong was immediately sent back to Guangzong, Liu Bei not only fully participated in suppressing the three thieves of the Yellow Scarf; At the same time, on his way back to Zhuo Jun, he saved Dong Zhuo, a powerful official who made the Eastern Han regime exist in name only.

Referring to the documents of the Three Kingdoms, although all of them are recorded in the above official history, the word "Liu Bei" is not mentioned.

The next battle between Guangzong and Quyang was clearly recorded in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty. "In October of the first year of Zhong Ping (184), Huangfusong beheaded Sean in Guangzong. In November, Huangfusong and Julu satrap Feng Yi and Guodian resumed their attack and beheaded Zhang Bao in Quyang. Zhu and Xu Yong, the secretariat of Jingzhou, and 18,000 troops will surround Wancheng, but they will not be captured from June to August. "

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, however, transferred the credit for slaying Zhang Bao to Zhu, saying that "when Zhu attacked Yangcheng, the thief killed Zhang Bao and surrendered, and Zhu was able to subdue several counties".

However, there is no battle of Yangcheng in the official history, and Zhang Fei's promotion and the strict politics of killing Zhang Bao and surrendering in the battle of Yangcheng are also fictional characters. Quyang is geographically far from Wancheng.

It is precisely because Liu Bei was fighting under Zhu Zhang at this time that he made great efforts to make contributions to Zhu Jiangong.

Readers may question, since it is fiction, isn't it more direct to arrange Liu Bei directly under Huang Fusong's account?

This arrangement is naturally for Liu Bei to participate in the next battle of Wancheng led by Zhu. In the Battle of Wancheng, the author not only approved Zhu's plan to break the city to Liu Bei. Even in order to increase Liu Bei's achievements, he renamed Sun Xia Zhong Sun and was shot by Liu Bei.

But in fact, Sun Xia's final ending was not recorded in the official history, and the battle of Wancheng was not attributed to Liu Bei.

The author carefully designed Liu Bei to participate in all the campaigns to suppress the yellow turban insurrectionary uprising. ...

First, Liu Bei should pave the way for the award of his later works to show that Liu Bei has no background, and his purpose is to cover up the clan forces behind Liu Bei. Only in this way can Liu Bei's "waste wood flow" be successfully set.

Secondly, we should carry out the theme of "respecting Liu and restraining Cao".

According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms,' Liu Bei followed Huang Fusong and Zhu to suppress Zhang Bao in Yingchuan, but the thief war was unfavorable and he retired to the Dragon Society. HuangFuSong fire to break the enemy, thieves and soldiers defeated in the morning. It happened that Cao Cao arrived, beheaded more than 10 thousand people and won a great victory. "

However, according to Zi Jian, Huang Fusong was surrounded in Changshe. Song serenade, military fear. "

That is, the "Battle of the Long Society" is actually the loyalist surrounded by the Yellow Scarf Army. The purpose of the author's reversal of black and white is to turn Cao Cao's rescue of Chang Xie into a robbery, which robbed Liu Bei's work.

The ingenious design between plots made Cao Cao appear for the first time, which aroused the "hostility" of readers.

According to the "History of the Three Kingdoms and Emperor Wudi", "Mao strategized and lashed at the inside, surrounded the magic of Shen Shang, made a unique strategy, and became an official, each acting his own way, being melodramatic, forgetting old evils, and finally mastering the imperial plane and becoming a flood maker, but it was only slightly better. I can be described as an extraordinary person and a peerless hero. "

However, Pei Songzhi has added a lot of negative materials about Cao Cao when he made notes on the Three Kingdoms.

For example, the biography of Cao Zang, which is widely quoted by Pei Songzhi. According to Lao, The Biography of Cao Zang was written by Wu people during the Three Kingdoms period. Many of its contents are biased, which leads to the biased impression of Cao Cao in later generations, and also provides evidence for those who attack and belittle Cao Cao in later generations.

But back in history, at least before the Northern Song Dynasty, Cao Wei was still regarded as an official position. However, because the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed by the State of Jin, the northern region was completely lost, and the court tilted to the southeast. In order to live up to its name, it changed Shu Han into Zhengshuo.

Under the influence of upward behavior and downward effect, the folk gradually formed the ideological tendency of "respecting Liu and restraining Cao"

Zhang Lei's "Ming Dow Magazine" in the Northern Song Dynasty said: "The capital has a rich family, and few people specialize in wealth. Rogues try their best to lure them. Besides, the child watches shadow play very well. Every time I get it, I will cry and ask for it, and it will make that person slow down. "

Su Shi's "Dongpo Zhi Lin" in the Northern Song Dynasty says: "Jimson has tasted the cloud: the children of the native land are poor and mean, and their families are tired and bitter, so they need money to sit and listen to the old saying. To say three things about state affairs, I heard that Liu Xuande was defeated and frowned and wept bitterly; As soon as I heard that Cao Cao was defeated, I liked fast songs. "

It can be seen that the creation of Romance of the Three Kingdoms originated from folklore, and the value orientation of scripts and dramas is based on the will of the people.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which is popular today, is a revised edition of Mauren and Mao Zonggang.

Mao Zonggang commented: "Cao Cao spent his whole life: commanding governors by emperors and attacking governors by governors; As for peace of mind, others' heads can be borrowed; If you want to apply for military orders, you can also borrow your own hair. The weirder, the more magical, and the first adulterer in the ages. "

It can be seen that the idea of "respecting Liu and restraining Cao" is bound to be stronger than the original.

But before the Song Dynasty, Emperor Taizong said in "Sacrifice to Wei Taizu" that "the posture of the emperor's martial arts is different from the past."

At the same time, many people in modern times reversed Cao Cao's conviction.

For example, Guo Moruo said in the article "Repeal the conviction for Cao Cao", "Cao Cao not only made contributions to the people at that time, but also to the development of the nation and culture, and it was great. Even Cao Cao's contribution in these aspects is the greatest compared with his contemporaries. 」

From fantasy novel's point of view, Liu Bei is the spokesman of heaven, while Cao Cao is the one who wants to change the dynasty.