As an excellent tourism professional, it is inevitable to write tour guide words, which are the explanations for tour guides to exchange ideas with tourists and spread cultural knowledge to tourists. So what are the excellent tour guide words? The following are my carefully compiled tour guide words about Sanxingdui, hoping to help everyone.
Sanxingdui Guide Words 1 Audience friends:
Hello!
Welcome to visit Sanxingdui!
Sanxingdui site is about 5000 ~ 2800 years ago, with a total area of 12 square kilometers. It is the most extensive and longest-lasting site found in Sichuan at present. The discovery of Sanxingdui ruins pushed forward the origin of ancient Shu history from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period for about 2000 years. It is eloquently proved that the origin of Chinese civilization is pluralistic and integrated.
Sanxingdui site covers a total area of 12 square kilometers. Its central area is an ancient city surrounded by three walls in the east, west and south, and the duck river is in the north, with an urban area of nearly 4 square kilometers. Such a large-scale city more than 3,000 years ago is rare in China. According to research, it was once the capital of ancient Shu. In a narrow sense, Sanxingdui refers to the three loess piles in the site, facing the Moon Bay in the north and crossing the Gumamu River like a crescent moon, hence the name "Sanxingdui", which became a famous cultural landscape a long time ago. 1929 In the spring, when local farmer Yan Daocheng was digging a ditch near his yard, he accidentally discovered more than 400 pieces of jade and stone tools with strong local characteristics of ancient Shu, which attracted great attention from Chinese and foreign archaeologists. Archaeologists have been exploring here since the 1930s. 1From July to September, 1986, two large sacrificial pits in Shang Dynasty were excavated one after another, and thousands of exquisite cultural relics were born. Since then, Guanghan Sanxingdui has become famous all over the world.
Ancient Shu, with a history of more than 2,000 years, lives in the southwest.
According to ancient legends, the distant ancestors of Shu people came from the Yellow Emperor, and there were five generations of Shu kings in ancient Shu. The first generation of King Shu was called Can Cong, and his greatest achievement was to teach mulberry and sericulture. The name of the second generation Shu Wang is Guan Bai, and there are few specific records about him, only knowing that Guan Bai is a waterfowl; The third generation of Shu King was called Yufu. Fu is an osprey. Sanxingdui found a large number of bird shapes, among which the image of osprey is the most. It is generally believed that the closest relationship with Sanxingdui is Yu Fu Wang. The fourth generation of Shu King is Du Yu, and Du Yu is Du Fu. According to legend, he was loved for "teaching people to farm", but he was unable to control the floods in Sichuan. Ming Kai, who came from Jingchu area in eastern Sichuan, replaced Du Yu as the fifth king of Shu and was deeply loved by the people. It is speculated that Can Cong, Guanbai and Yufu were from Xia Dynasty to the end of Shang Dynasty and the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, Du predicted that they were from the end of Shang Dynasty and the beginning of Zhou Dynasty to the middle of Spring and Autumn Period, and Ming Kai was from the middle of Spring and Autumn Period to 3 16 BC when Bashu was destroyed by Qin.
From the Hanshui River Basin in the north, Jingjiang area in the east, Dadu River in the southwest, and Jinsha River and northern Guizhou, there are many relics of Shu cultural sites, the most densely distributed of which is Chengdu Plain. Sanxingdui site is located in the center of Shu cultural circle, which was the center of ancient Shu culture three or four thousand years ago.
Sanxingdui culture lasted for more than 2000 years from 5000 to 2800. From the perspective of archaeological stratigraphy and typology, Sanxingdui culture can be divided into four periods.
The first phase of Sanxingdui culture was about 5000 ~ 4000 years ago. Pottery in this period was mainly flat-bottomed vessels with wide edges and holes, and the production methods were mostly hand-made. The production tools are mainly stone axes, spears and chisels, with small shapes. At the same time, there are also small ritual vessels such as Yubiyu, Yugui (ancient) and Yuhuan.
Many architectural remains were found in the site, most of which were dry fence buildings. Their advantages are easy to obtain materials and good wind and moisture resistance. The construction area is generally twenty or thirty square meters, and the largest construction area is about 200 square meters, which is estimated to be a public building.
1997, 29 rectangular pits were found in Rensheng village outside the western wall of Sanxingdui, and jade, stone tools, pottery and ivory were unearthed in the pits. Among them, the shape and style of the jade cone are very similar to those unearthed in the Neolithic Liangzhu cultural tombs in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, indicating that the Chengdu Plain has long had cultural ties with the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
The Neolithic cultural sites in Sichuan are widely distributed, especially in Chengdu Plain. Among them, the discovery of Baodun Ancient City Site in Malong Town, Xinjin, Yongjiang City Site in Dujiangyan, Yufu City Site in Wenjiang, Shuanghe Ancient City Site in Chongzhou, Zizhu Village Ancient City Site and Pixian Ancient City Site are the main sites. The discovery of these ancient cities shows that as early as the late Neolithic period, there were already large and small city-state organizations in Chengdu Plain, among which Sanxingdui stood out and became the central capital of the ancient Shu State.
Sanxingdui culture in archaeological sense is represented by the second and third phases of Sanxingdui site, which is about 4000 to 3200 years ago, equivalent to the Xia and Shang Dynasties in the Central Plains. This is the most prosperous period of Sanxingdui culture, which is generally considered to belong to the legendary period of ancient Shu history. At this stage, a large number of pottery with local characteristics appeared, such as high-handled beans, small flat-bottomed pots and bird's head spoons, which formed the basic combination of Sichuan pottery.
Since the second phase, Sanxingdui has entered the era of civilization. People built city walls, east, west and south walls. The central city with an area of nearly 4 square kilometers has also been built, with reasonable layout and rigorous structure. According to different functions and needs, it is divided into residential areas, workshops, sacrificial areas, tombs and palaces.
It is generally believed that the establishment of cities, the setting of sacrificial places, the appearance of bronzes and characters are the signs of the emergence of ancient civilizations and countries. Sanxingdui is no longer an ordinary settlement or village, but an early city and village in southwest China. Especially considering the cultural relics unearthed in the site, the ancient Shu kingdom has made outstanding achievements in various fields.
Sanxingdui ancient Shu State was not isolated from other regions because it was difficult to get through the Shu Road. The jade brother, jade Zhang, pottery cup, bronze ornaments and bronze statues unearthed in this site are very similar to those unearthed in Jiangsu, Henan and Anhui. In Zhuwa Street, Pengxian County, Sichuan Province, a bronze statue and a bronze statue belonging to the Central Plains in the late Shang Dynasty and early Zhou Dynasty were found. It is likely that the army of Shu participated in the struggle to destroy the business, and the king of Zhou gave the king of Shu a trophy. There are also many records in Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the Central Plains, such as "receiving Shu", "cutting Shu" and "shooting 300 Shu" ... All kinds of signs show that ancient Shu is full of open spirit.
The fourth culture of Sanxingdui site is the period when the early Shu culture turned from prosperity to decline, which is roughly equivalent to the end of Shang Dynasty and the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, about 3200 ~ 2800 years ago.
The pottery in the fourth period is mainly small flat-bottomed pots and pointed-bottomed utensils. During this period, some factors made the grand Sanxingdui ancient city suddenly abandoned, and Sanxingdui civilization interrupted its local development process. At the beginning of 200 1, with the discovery of Jinsha site in Chengdu, the traces of the ancient Shu kingdom became clear. Jinsha site dates from the late Shang Dynasty to the early Western Zhou Dynasty, which is later than Sanxingdui site. There is a close internal relationship between them. Scholars believe that since Sanxingdui in Guanghan, the political and cultural center of ancient Shu has moved south to Chengdu, and the ancient Shu culture has entered a new stage of development.
Agriculture and commerce of Wuhua Tianfu-Sanxingdui
At present, a large number of huge pottery pots, pots, pots and so on. A container that may be used to hold grain was unearthed in the site. They are various and large, reflecting the diversity of crop production at that time. Animal husbandry is one of the standards to measure agricultural prosperity. Many bones and animal figures of domestic animals such as pigs, sheep, horses and chickens have been unearthed in Sanxingdui site. It is conceivable that the poultry breeding industry at that time had a certain scale, and agricultural and sideline products were also very rich.
A large number of wine vessels have been unearthed in the site, which shows that grain is not only used to meet daily life, but also used to make wine. Among these wine vessels, pottery cups and bottle cups are the most distinctive.
Tao Qi-It is usually considered as a wine warmer, and most of them are thirty or forty centimeters high. The three hollow bag feet at the bottom of the pot can not only increase the capacity of the pot, but also heat the fire, so the design is extremely reasonable. In a pit of the site, a pottery cup with more than 20 bottle-shaped cups was found, which indicated that these wine vessels were used together.
Bottle-shaped cups-made of bell mouth, thin neck and round flat bottom. Some cups have decorative patterns on their necks, which look simple and beautiful. Because of the small bottleneck, some scholars speculated that the wine at that time should be sake without "distiller's grains".
More than 80 pieces of ivory unearthed from the sacrificial pit of Sanxingdui site were identified as the front teeth of Asian elephants. Scholars believe that they are symbols of the wealth of the ruling class. As for the source of ivory, it may be the elephant produced locally at that time, or it may be the result of commercial transactions between Sichuan and neighboring countries or even beyond.
Ancient Shu is located inland, but nearly 5,000 seashells have been unearthed in Sanxingdui Sacrificial Pit. According to the general explanation, seashells were the original currency engaged in commodity exchange in the early days of civilized society, which shows the frequent commercial exchanges between ancient Shu and surrounding areas. Four copper shells made of imitation seashells were also unearthed in No.2 Sacrificial Pit, which is rare in China. Whether it is the earliest metal currency in China remains to be further studied.
A large number of archaeological data prove that as early as three or four thousand years ago, Shu had cultural exchanges and economic exchanges with its surrounding areas and even beyond. According to research, the "Southern Silk Road", which started in Chengdu Plain and connected ancient China with South Asia, Central Asia, West Asia and Southeast Asia, was opened in the pre-Qin period. Although we can't know how long the ancient Shu people walked on the rugged mountain road, what we can appreciate is their perseverance and perseverance. It is this spirit and perseverance that created the splendid ancient Shu civilization and opened China's window to the world.
Turning Earth into Pottery —— Sanxingdui Pottery
Pottery is easy to obtain, simple to make, impervious to water, and can withstand high-temperature barbecue, so it has become the daily necessities of various agricultural nationalities. The pottery industry in Sanxingdui ancient Shu reached a fairly high level.
A large number of pots, bowls, cups and lamps with flat bottom and small pointed bottom have been unearthed in Sanxingdui, which are typical objects of Sichuan pottery. This kind of pointed bottom device is too small, and the bottom is conical, so it can't be placed stably at all. A device similar to the bottom of the device was unearthed in the site, which is estimated to be used together with the pointed bottom device.
The top of the high-handle bean is a disc-shaped body, which is mainly used for holding food, and the bottom is a trumpet-shaped ring foot. Tubular bean stalks connect the two, and some bean stalks are as long as 70 cm. This is a very clever and practical living appliance designed by ancient people for the convenience of life and sitting on the floor. There is also an eye engraved on the handle of this high-handled bean, and the eye pattern appears more on Sanxingdui cultural relics, which must have profound implications.
The three-legged cooker may be an ancient cooker. The three legs are split, and you can make a fire under your feet. All three legs are hollow, communicate with their mouths, and have large water capacity. The wide disk can be used to hold water or food, and its huge shape and unique shape are very rare.
The pottery buttons unearthed in Sanxingdui are vivid and lovely. From the modeling point of view, they are lotus-shaped, cockscomb-shaped, and some are like the roof of a mosque. The lid part is made of wheels, and the button part is shaped by hand, which fully shows the rich imagination and superb skills of the unknown craftsmen in Sanxingdui.
Hundreds of "bird's head spoons" have been unearthed in the site, and most of them have been damaged, leaving only the "spoon handle" in the shape of bird's head. A bird's curved beak resembles an osprey. Academics believe that Sanxingdui ancient Shu kingdom may be closely related to the legendary third-generation Shu Wang Yufu, and this large number of bird heads and spoons is one of the most important evidences.
Sanxingdui pottery reproduces the vivid picture of the daily life of ancient Shu people with its unpretentious characteristics, and plays a great role in dating Sanxingdui ruins and staging Sanxingdui culture.
Sanxingdui Tour Guide 2 Dear friends,
Hello everyone! I'm your guide, ju Dao. Now our bus is on its way to Sanxingdui site. You can have a rest and wait to get off.
Let me go. Sanxingdui site is located in the south bank of Yahe River in Guanghan City, Sichuan Province, with an area of 12 square kilometers. Surprised? Please follow me closely and don't get lost. It's hard to find a way out in such a big place! All right, now we're at excavation site one. The excavation point 1 started at 1929, which is the earliest of the four excavation points. Twenty-three bronzes, including bronze plates and bowls, were unearthed in Building No.1.. Other points have their own characteristics: No.2, dig out a bronze mask; On the 3 rd, a 0.9-meter bronze standing man was also excavated; No.4 also unearthed a "clairvoyant" bronze man.
Now, keep walking. We came to the most famous Sanxingdui Museum again. Sanxingdui Museum can be said to be a bronze warehouse. There is the largest bronze statue here, 2.62 meters high and 1.02 meters wide. A closer look shows that his expression is solemn, his head is rectangular and there is a scratch next to his mouth. I don't know what happened. His hands are in a circle, as if holding something. There is also a bronze mask, which is 1.38 meters wide. In the center of the exhibition hall, there is a beautiful sacred tree 3.95 meters high, symbolizing wealth.
Well, the tour is over and my explanation is over. It's time for free activities. Please meet in front of the simulated giant statue at the gate in half an hour. You should pay attention to safety. I wish you all a good time and a good mood!
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