Xuanzang (602 ~664), whose real name was Chen Yi (Y: and), was born in Luozhou (now yanshi city, Luoyang, Henan)? , its first YingChuan people? . A famous monk in the Tang Dynasty, the founder of Faxiangzong, was honored as "Master Sanzang", later commonly known as "Tang Priest", and was also called the three great translators of Buddhism in China with Kumarajiva and Zhen Zhen.

In order to explore the differences between different schools of Buddhism, Xuanzang traveled 50,000 miles to the west in the first year of Zhenguan, and went through hardships to the Nalanduo Temple in the center of Indian Buddhism to get the true scriptures. He studied various theories of Mahayana and Mahayana at that time for seventeen years. When Xuanzang returned in 645 AD, he brought back 50 Buddhist relics/kloc-0, 7 Buddha statues and 657 Buddhist scriptures, and he worked in the translation of Buddhist scriptures for a long time.

Xuanzang and his disciples translated 75 volumes (65,438+0,335 volumes), and the translated works include The Great Prajna Sutra, The Heart Sutra, The Deep Secret Sutra, The Yoga Teacher's Theory of Land and the Theory of Realizing Only Knowledge. The Book of the Western Regions of Datang 12 describes the mountains, rivers, cities, products, customs and rumors of 28 countries that he personally experienced1KLOC-0/0 in his journey to the West. Journey to the West is based on the story of Xuanzang's learning from the scriptures.

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In Wu Cheng'en's novel The Journey to the West, the birth of Tang Priest had a legendary experience: Tang Priest's parents were killed by traitors on the boat, and Tang Priest was almost silenced after his birth. Fortunately, his mother secretly put him in a wooden basin and drifted away along the river, saving his life temporarily. Little Tang Priest was rescued by monk Faming when he drifted across Jinshan Temple. He was named Liu Jiang as a baby and Xuanzang as an adult. Since then, he has forged an indissoluble bond with Buddha.

Xuanzang's real birth experience is still a mystery. When and where he was born has not been decided. It is generally believed that Xuanzang was born in Gushi County (now Yanshi County, Henan Province) in the second year of Sui Renshou (602). Before becoming a monk, his surname was Chen, and after becoming a monk, his legal name was Xuanzang.

So, were there any abnormal signs when Xuanzang was born? In The biography of Master Sanzang, there is a story: when the master was born, his mother dreamed that a white mage said goodbye to her. The mage said, "In order to seek the Dharma, I want to go to the West." This white wizard is Xuanzang. Although this is only a legend, Master Xuanzang's performance as a child was really different from that of ordinary people.

There is also a saying that Master Xuanzang was born in his parents' old age, when his father was about fifty years old. Having a son in his later years made his parents particularly fond of him. When Xuanzang was young, he was clever and simple-minded. He never forgets anything, and his diary has been recited thousands of times.

Master Xuanzang is a Buddhist mage, so how did he become a monk? According to Journey to the West, Xuanzang was reincarnated as the great elder Jin Chan under the Tathagata, and it was destiny takes a hand to set foot on the road to the West. Xuanzang's motivation for becoming a monk was explained by his belief in Buddhism in Datang and The biography of Master Sanzang.

In contrast, Daoxuan's record in Continued Biography of Monks and Biography of Xuanzang in Tang Dynasty is quite obscure, in which the word "less suffering from poverty and coldness" is mentioned, which seems to imply that Xuanzang became a monk because of his poor life in his youth.

According to "Continued Biography of Monks", Xuanzang's family background was good at the beginning. His grandfather and father were both knowledgeable intellectuals, his father was a county magistrate, his mother was Shi's daughter, the Governor of Sui and Luo, and Master Xuanzang was his fourth son. Xuanzang's mother died when he was five years old. Before he was eight years old, his father resigned because of his old age and illness, which caused Xuanzang's childhood difficulties.

Xuanzang's second brother became a monk first, and his dharma name was Chang Jie. He lives in Jingtu Temple in Luoyang, and Xuanzang often studies Buddhist classics with him. At the age of thirteen, Xuanzang also became a monk. As an adult, Xuanzang traveled around and visited famous monks. He has learned a lot of Buddhist scriptures from such eminent monks as Hui Xiu and Shen Dao, and achieved fruitful results.

In the history of China, many people learned from Western learning long before Xuanzang, which made Xuanzang yearn for it. Among them, the success of Fa Xian, a eminent monk in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and his book The Story of Buddhism directly inspired Xuanzang's determination to seek Buddhist classics.

Another important reason for Xuanzang's journey to the west is that during his study of Buddhism, Xuanzang found that the interpretation of the same classic in Buddhism was very different at that time, and this ambiguity could not be unified and coordinated, which was an obvious hidden danger for the development of Buddhism.

In the ninth year of Tang Wude (626), Xuanzang met Boromidoro, a monk from China and India, in Chang 'an. He was once a disciple of Jie Xian, an authoritative Buddhist in Naranto Temple, India, and could recite 100,000 classic hymns. When Xuanzang heard the news, he went to the door to ask the Indian monk for advice. Xuanzang heard him say that Jiexian was familiar with hundreds of Buddhist classics and was giving lectures at Nalantuo Temple, so he made up his mind to seek Buddha in the West.

People's Daily Online-Revealing the Truth of Xuanzang: A completely different person from the timid Tang Priest.